2006年4月自考英语国家概况模拟试题答案

I.
1.C  2.C  3.B  4.D  5.D
6.A  7.D  8.B  9.B  10.C
11.C  12.A  13.C  14.B  15 C
16 A  17 A  18.D  19. B  20. D
21 A  22. B  23. C  24.C  25.D 
26.C  27.B  28. C  29.A  30.B
31.A  32.B  33.C  34. A  35.B
36.C  37. D  38. D  39 B  40. B
41.C  42.B  43.B  44.C  45.D
46 D  47.B  48.B  49. D  50.A

II.
51. The expulsion of the English from France is a blessing for both countries: the superior size and wealth of France would certainly have hindered the development of a separate English national identity, while French national identity was hindered so long as a foreign power occupied so much French territory.

52. Generally speaking, Elizabeth was able to work with Parliament, but the relationship was often turbulent. (Parliament wished its customary right of free speech confirmed in writing; and it wanted to be allowed to start discussion of important questions at will, not by invitation. Elizabeth would not permit either thing.)

53. It consists of the Sovereign, the House of Lords and the House of Commons.
54. In 1920s, Black Literature developed into an upsurge which has come to be known as the Harlem Renaissance.
55. They are the Democratic Party and the Republican Party.
56. The examples are: the Red Scare in 1919 and 1920, the death sentence of Sacco and Vanzetti, and the revival and growth of the Ku Klux Klan.
57. It is a semicircular band of rocky highlands and plateaus around Hundon Bay from the northern shores of Quebec to the Arctic shores of the Northwest Territories. It is a region of rounded hills, tens of thousands of lakes and swamp.
58. It refers to an area with red-brown and tan soils in the heart of the country.
59. They are the Waikato and the Wanganui.
60. The weather of Ireland is described as “ mild, moist and changeable.”

III.
61.The election of 1979 returned the Conservative Party to power and Margaret Thatcher became the first woman prime minister in Britain. Her policies are popularly referred to as Thatcherism. It includes the return to private ownership of state-owned industries, the use of monetarist policies to control inflation, the weakening of trade unions, the strengthening of the role of market forces in the economy, and an emphasis on law and order.

62. There is no written constitution in the United Kingdom, that is, unlike the constitutions of most other countries, the British constitution is not set out in any single document. It is made up of statute law, common law and conventions (Conventions are rules and practices which are not legally enforceable but which are regarded as indispensable to the working of government).

63. From the mid-1970s onwards, the United States suffered from “stagflation”, that is, the occurrence of stagnation and inflation at the same time. Not only were prices rising, economic growth was slowing. Besides, as a result of the Vietnam War and the Watergate scandal, American prestige became much lower abroad.
All this brought about in the late 1970s and early 1980s a rise in New Right conservatism. The New Right consists of two groups of people: the firm believers of Protestant religious teachings who were more concerned with social and moral issues, and the intellectuals who were more concerned with political and foreign policy issues. The New Right demanded equal time in school for the teaching of man created by God as opposed to the teaching of evolution, opposed abortion and affirmative action, that is, preferential treatment for minorities and women in education and employment, demanded tax cuts and cuts in social security spending and the rebuilding of American military strength.

64. The expansionist movement produced a theory of Manifest Destiny. The implications of this theory are three fold: 1) the inevitability of the founding of the United States of America;2) the legitimacy of the expansion of American Territory; 3) the spread of American democracy being the task of American people who were chosen to do the Lord’s work.